Thrombophilias may be hereditary or acquired and the risk/severity of thrombosis varies widely between conditions.
Hereditary Thrombophilia
|
Relative Risk For A First Venous Thromboembolism (Compared To Community Controls)
|
Factor V Leiden
|
3x – 7x
80x
|
Prothrombin G20210A
|
2x – 3x
5x
|
Double heterozygosity (Factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A)
|
6x
|
Antithrombin deficiency
|
5x
|
Protein C deficiency
|
4x – 6.5x
|
Protein S deficiency
|
1x – 3x
|
Pseudohomozygous Factor V Leiden
|
80x
|
Factor IX Padua
|
10x
|
Antithrombin resistance
|
2x – 3x
|
Factor VIII ≥150 IU/dl
|
3x – 5x
|
Factor IX ≥129 IU/dl
|
2.3x
|
Factor XI ≥121 IU/dl
|
2x
|
Adapted from: Campello E, Spiezia L, Adamo A, Simioni P. Thrombophilia, risk factors and prevention. Expert Rev Hematol. 2019 Mar 4;12(3):147–58.
Acquired Thrombophilia
|
Relative Risk For A First Venous Thromboembolism (Compared To Community Controls)
|
Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome
|
3x – 10x
|
Hyperhomocysteinemia
|
1.5x – 3x
|
Surgery
|
1.7x – 2.8x
|
Trauma
|
3x – 5x
|
Pregnancy
|
5x – 50x
|
Estrogen-progestogen therapies
|
2x – 9x
|
Cancer
|
4x – 7x
|
Myeloproliferative neoplasms
|
3x
|
Economy class syndrome (DVT on long haul flights)
|
2x – 4x
|
Obesity (BMI ≥30 Kg/m2)
|
2x – 3x
|
Adapted from: Campello E, Spiezia L, Adamo A, Simioni P. Thrombophilia, risk factors and prevention. Expert Rev Hematol. 2019 Mar 4;12(3):147–58.